5th Generation District Heating and Cooling

Journal papers

Last update: 21.03.2023

Title	Authors	Reference	Links
Fifth-generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of recent advancements and implementation barriers Tip!	Gjoka, Kristian; Rismanchi, Behzad; Crawford, Robert H.	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 171, 112997, 2023.
5th generation district heating and cooling network planning: A Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition approach	M. Wirtz, M. Heleno, A. Moreira, T. Schreiber, D. Müller	Energy Conversion and Management, 276, 116593, 2023.
District heating and cooling networks with decentralised energy substations: Opportunities and barriers for holistic energy system decarbonisation Tip!	Angelidis, O.; Ioannou, A.; Friedrich, D.; Thomson, A.; Falcone, G.	Energy, 269, 126740, 2023.
Multi-period design optimization for a 5th generation district heating and cooling network	M. Wirtz, M. Heleno, H. Romberg, T. Schreiber, D. Müller	Energy and Buildings, 284, 112858, 2023.
Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling Networks Based on Shallow Geothermal Energy: A review and Possible Solutions for Mediterranean Europe Tip!	García-Céspedes, Jordi; Herms, Ignasi; Arnó, Georgina; Felipe, José Juan de	Energies, 16, 2023.
Geothermal energy at different depths for district heating and cooling of existing and future building stock	Romanov, D.; Leiss, B.	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 167, 2022.
A solar-driven 5th generation district heating and cooling network with ground-source heat pumps: a thermo-economic analysis	Calise, Francesco; Cappiello, Francesco Liberato; Dentice d'Accadia, Massimo; Petrakopoulou, Fontina; Vicidomini, Maria	Sustainable Cities and Society, 76, 103438, 2022.
5th generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) implementation potential in urban areas with existing district heating systems	Volkova, Anna; Pakere, Ieva; Murauskaite, Lina; Huang, Pei; Lepiksaar, Kertu; Zhang, Xinxing	Energy Reports, 8, 10037-10047, 2022.
A solar-driven 5th generation district heating and cooling network with ground-source heat pumps: a thermo-economic analysis	Francesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Luca Cimmino, Massimo Dentice d’Accadia, Maria Vicidomini	Sustainable Cities and Society, 76, 103438, 2022.
Network configurations for implemented low-temperature district heating Tip!	Sven Werner	Energy, 254, 124091, 2022.
Potential of solar-driven cooling systems in UAE region	Brumana, Giovanni; Franchini, Giuseppe; Ghirardi, Elisa	Solar Energy Advances, 2, 100025, 2022.
Quantification of heat losses and gains of 5th generation district heating and cooling networks compared to conventional heating networks	Selina Schmitt, Robin Zeh, Volker Stockinger	Berlin Bauphysik, 44, 2022.
Energetic and economic analysis of decoupled strategy for heating and cooling production with CO2 booster heat pumps for ultra-low temperature district network	Quirosa, Gonzalo; Torres, Miguel; Soltero, Víctor Manuel; Chacartegui, Ricardo	Journal of Building Engineering, 103538, 45, 2022.
Analysis of the integration of photovoltaic excess into a 5th generation district heating and cooling system for network energy storage	Quirosa, Gonzalo; Torres, Miguel; Chacartegui, Ricardo	Energy, 122202, 239, 2022.
Full-Scale Demonstration of Combined Ground Source Heating and Sustainable Urban Drainage in Roadbeds	Poulsen, Søren Erbs; Andersen, Theis Raaschou; Tordrup, Karl Woldum	Preprint, 2022.
Performance analysis for the UK's first 5th generation heat network – The BEN case study at LSBU	Gillich, Aaron; Godefroy, Julie; Ford, Andy; Hewitt, Mark; L'Hostis, Jonathan	Energy, 122843, 243, 2022.
Optimal design of a 5th generation district heating and cooling network based on seawater heat pumps	Calise, Francesco; Liberato Cappiello, Francesco; Cimmino, Luca; Dentice d'Accadia, Massimo; Vicidomini, Maria	Energy Conversion and Management, 115912, 267, 2022.
Technical Feasibility Assessment for a Novel Fifth-Generation District Heating Model of Interconnected Operation with a Large-Scale Building	Youn, Young-Jik; Im, Yong-Hoon	Sustainability, 12857, 19, 2022.
A simulation model for the design and analysis of district systems with simultaneous heating and cooling demands	Abugabbara, Marwan; Javed, Saqib; Johansson, Dennis	Energy, 125245, 261, 2022.
Design of a 5th Generation District Heating Substation Prototype for a Real Case Study	Martinazzoli, Gianni; Pasinelli, Daniele; Lezzi, Adriano Maria; Pilotelli, Mariagrazia	Sustainability, 2972, 4, 2023.
Design optimization of a district heating and cooling system with a borehole seasonal thermal energy storage	Fiorentini, Massimo; Heer, Philipp; Baldini, Luca	Energy, 125464, 262, 2023.
Analysis of an ultra-low temperature district heating and cooling as a storage system for renewable integration	Quirosa, Gonzalo; Torres, Miguel; Soltero, V. M.; Chacartegui, Ricardo	Applied Thermal Engineering, 119052, 216, 2022.
Monitoring of a large-scale geothermal collector system and a 5GDHC in Bad Nauheim	Robin Zeh, Volker Stockinger	European Geothermal Congress, Berlin, 2022.
Survey of 53 Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) Networks in Germany Tip!	M. Wirtz, T. Schreiber, D. Müller	Energy Technology, 2200749, 2022.
An optimization framework for the network design of advanced district thermal energy systems	Amy Allen, Gregor Henze, Kyri Baker, Gregory Pavlak, Michael Murphy	Energy Conversion and Management, 266, 115839, 2022.
Development and Application of an Open-Source Framework for Automated Thermal Network Generation and Simulations in Modelica	Michael Mans, Tobias Blacha, Thomas Schreiber and Dirk Müller	Energies, 15, 4372, 2022.
An optimization framework for the network design of advanced district thermal energy systems	A. Allen, G. Henze, K. Baker, G. Pavlak, M. Murphy	Energy Conversion and Management, 266, 115839, 2022.
5th generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) implementation potential in urban areas with existing district heating systems	Anna Volkova, Ieva Pakere, Lina Murauskaite, Pei Huang, Kertu Lepiksaar, Xinxing Zhang	Energy Reports, 8, 10037-10047, 2022.
Environmental impact and energy performance of groundwater heat pumps in urban retrofit	Luigi Schibuola, Chiara Tambani	Energy and Buildings, 261, 111964, 2022.
Energetic and economic analysis of decoupled strategy for heating and cooling production with CO2 booster heat pumps for ultra-low temperature district network	Gonzalo Quirosa, Miguel Torres, Víctor Manuel Soltero, Ricardo Chacartegui	Journal of Building Engineering, 45, 103538, 2022.
Design and cost comparison of district heating and cooling (DHC) network configurations using ring topology – A case study	Joseph Maria Jebamalai, Kurt Marlein, Jelle Laverge	Energy, 258, 124777, 2022.
Formulation and assessment of multi-objective optimal sizing of district heating network	Yannis Merlet, Roland Baviere, Nicolas Vasset	Energy, 252, 123997, 2022.
Optimal design of a 5th generation district heating and cooling network based on seawater heat pumps	Francesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Luca Cimmino, Massimo Dentice d’Accadia, Maria Vicidomini	Energy Conversion and Management, 267, 115912, 2022.
Performance analysis for the UK's first 5th generation heat network - The BEN case study at LSBU	Aaron Gillich, Julie Godefroy, Andy Ford, Mark Hewitt, Jonathan L'Hostis	Energy, 243, 122843, 2022.
Analysis of an ultra-low temperature district heating and cooling as a storage system for renewable integration	Gonzalo Quirosa, Miguel Torres, V. M. Soltero, Ricardo Chacartegui	Applied Thermal Engineering, 216, 119052, 2022.
Hydrothermal challenges in low-temperature networks with distributed heat pumps  Tip!	Tobias Sommer, Artem Sotnikov, Matthias Sulzer, Volkher Scholz, Stefan Mischler, Behzad Rismanchi, Kristian Gjoka, Stefan Mennel	Energy 257, 124527, 2022.
Network configurations for implemented low-temperature district heating	Sven Werner	Energy 254, 124091, 2022.
Ambient loop district heating and cooling networks with integrated mobility, power and interseasonal storage	Akos Revesz, Phil Jones, Chris Dunham, Anthony Riddle, Norman Gatensby, Graeme Maidment	Building Services Engineering Research & Technology, 2022.
A holistic design approach for 5th generation smart local energy systems: Project GreenSCIES	Akos Revesz, Chris Dunham, Phil Jones, Carole Bond, Russell Fenner, Sagar Moody, Rajvant Nijjhar, Catarina Marques, Graeme Maidment	Energy, 242, 122885, 2022.
A review of the current status and development of 5GDHC and characterization of a novel shared energy system	Jonas Lindhe, Saqib Javed, Dennis Johansson, Hans Bagge	Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 2022.
Analysis of the integration of photovoltaic excess into a 5th generation district heating and cooling system for network energy storage	Gonzalo Quirosa, Miguel Torres, Ricardo Chacartegui	Energy 239, 122202, 2022.
Investigation on Individual and Collective PV Self-Consumption for a Fifth Generation District Heating Network	Jacopo Vivian, Mattia Chinello, Angelo Zarrella, Michele De Carli	Energy and Buildings 15, 1022, 2022.
The future role of energy geostructures in fifth generation district heating and cooling networks	Saleh S. Meibodi, Fleur Loveridge	Energy and Buildings 240, 122481, 2022.
Modelling a fifth-generation bidirectional low temperature district heating and cooling (5GDHC) network for nearly Zero Energy District (nZED)	Matteo Bilardo, Federico Sandrone, Guido Zanzottera, Enrico Fabrizio	Energy Reports, 7, 8390-8405, 2021.
Modelling a fifth-generation bidirectional low temperature district heating and cooling (5GDHC) network for nearly Zero Energy District (nZED)	Matteo Bilardo, Federico Sandrone, Guido Zanzottera, Enrico Fabrizio	Energy Reports, 7, 8390-8405, 2021.
Model Predictive Control of Smart Districts With Fifth Generation Heating and Cooling Networks	Taylor, Michael; Long, Sebastian; Marjanovic, Ognjen; Parisio, Alessandra	IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. (IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion), 36, 2659,2669, 2021.
Implementing prosumers into heating networks	Michel Gross, Babak Karbasi, Tobias Reiners, Lisa Altieri, Hermann-Josef Wagner, Valentin Bertsch	Energy, 230, 120844, 2021.
Thermohydraulic model of Smart Thermal Grids with bidirectional power flow between prosumers	Thomas Licklederer, Thomas Hamacher, Michael Kramer, Vedran S.Perić	Energy, 230, 120825, 2021.
Large-Scale Geothermal Collector Systems for 5th Generation District Heating and Cooling Networks Tip!	Robin Zeh, Björn Ohlsen, David Philipp, David Bertermann, Tim Kotz, Nikola Jocić, Volker Stockinger	Sustainability, 13, 6035, 2021.
Model Predictive Control of Smart Districts with Fifth Generation Heating and Cooling Networks	Taylor, M., Long, S., Marjanovic, O., Parisio, A.	IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 1, 2021.
Novel District Heating Systems: Methods and Simulation Results	Huber, D., Illyés, V., Turewicz, V., Götzl, G., Hammer, A., Ponweiser, K.	Energies 14 (15), 4450, 2021.
Roadblocks to Low Temperature District Heating	Millar, M.-A., Elrick, B., Jones, G., Yu, Z., Burnside, N.M.	Energies 13 (22), 5893, 2020.
Report on a Plus-Energy District with Low-Temperature DHC Network, Novel Agrothermal Heat Source, and Applied Demand Response	Marcus Brennenstuhl, Robin Zeh, Robert Otto, Ruben Pesch, Volker Stockinger, Dirk Pietruschka	Applied Sciences, 9, 5059, 2019.
Integrated distribution system and urban district planning with high renewable penetrations	Kate Doubleday, Faeza Hafiz, Andrew Parker, Tarek Elgindy, Anthony Florita, Gregor Henze, Graziano Salvalai, Shanti Pless, Bri-Mathias Hodge	WIREs Energy and Environment, 2019.
Experimental Analysis of Bi-Directional Heat Trading Operation Integrated with Heat Prosumers in Thermal Networks	Min-Hwi Kim, Deuk-Won Kim, Dong-Won Lee, and Jaehyeok Heo	Energies 14, 5881, 2021.
Investigation on sector coupling potentials of a 5th generation district heating and cooling network	Hermann Edtmayer, Peter Nageler, Richard Heimrath, Thomas Mach, Christoph Hochenauer	Energy 230, 120836, 2021.
Modeling of thermal energy sharing in integrated energy communities with micro-thermal networks	Ahmed Abdalla, Saber Mohamed, Scott Bucking, James S. Cotton	Energy and Buildings 248, 111170, 2021.
Design optimization of a heating network with multiple heat pumps using mixed integer quadratically constrained programming	Hering, D., Xhonneux, A., Müller, D.	Energy, 226, 120384, 2021.
Temperature control of a low-temperature district heating network with Model Predictive Control and Mixed-Integer Quadratically Constrained Programming	Hering, D., Cansev, M.E., Tamassia, E., Xhonneux, A., Müller, D.	Energy 224, 120140, 2021.
Experimental Analysis of Bi-Directional Heat Trading Operation Integrated with Heat Prosumers in Thermal Networks	Kim, M.-H., Kim, D.-W., Lee, D.-W., Heo, J.	Energies 14, 5881, 2021.
Identification of key performance indicators and complimentary load profiles for 5th generation district energy networks	Millar, M., Yu, Z., Burnside, N., Jones, G., Elrick, B.	Applied Energy 291, 116672, 2021.
Temperature control in 5th generation district heating and cooling networks: An MILP-based operation optimization	M. Wirtz, L. Neumaier, P. Remmen, D. Müller	Applied Energy, 288, 116608, 2021.
Perspectives on fourth and fifth generation district heating Tip!	Lund, H., Østergaard, P.A., Nielsen, T.B., Werner, S., Thorsen, J.E., Gudmundsson, O., Arabkoohsar, A., Mathiesen, B.V.	Energy 227, 120520, 2021.
Vocabulary for the fourth generation of district heating and cooling Tip!	Sulzer, M., Werner, S., Mennel, S., Wetter, M.	Smart Energy 1, 100003, 2021.
Techno-economic study of an energy sharing network comprised of a data centre and multi-unit residential buildings for cold climate	Murphy, A.R., Fung, A.S.	Energy and Buildings 186, 261-275, 2019.
Advanced Control and Fault Detection Strategies for District Heating and Cooling Systems — A Review	S. Buffa, M. H. Fouladfar, G. Franchini, I. L. Gabarre, M. A. Chicote	Applied Sciences, 11, (1), 455, 2021.
Modelling of an Existing Neutral Temperature District Heating Network: Detailed and Approximate Approaches	Calixto, S., Cozzini, M., Manzolini, G.	Energies 14 (2), 379, 2021.
Performance prediction and evaluation on the first balanced energy networks (BEN) part I: BEN and building internal factors	Y. Wang, A. Gillich, D. Liu, E.M. Saber, M. Yebiyo, R. Kang, A. Ford	Energy, 221, 119797, 2021.
Optimization of low-carbon multi-energy systems with seasonal geothermal energy storage: The Anergy Grid of ETH Zurich	P. Gabrielli, A. Acquilino, S. Siri, S. Bracco, G. Sansavini, M. Mazzotti	Energy Conversion and Management: X, 8, 100052, 2020.
Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling Substations: Demand Response with Artificial Neural Network-Based Model Predictive Control	S. Buffa, A. Soppelsa, M. Pipiciello, G. Henze, R. Fedrizzi	Energies, 13(17), 4339, 2020.
Quantifying Demand Balancing in Bidirectional Low Temperature Networks Tip!	M. Wirtz, L. Kivilip, P. Remmen, D. Müller	Energy and Buildings, 224, 110245, 2020.
The reservoir network: A new network topology for district heating and cooling Tip!	T. Sommer, M. Sulzer, M. Wetter, A. Sotnikov, S. Mennel, C. Stettler	Energy, 199, 117418, 2020.
Evaluation of low-exergy heating and cooling systems and topology optimization for deep energy savings at the urban district level	A. Allen, G. Henze, K. Baker, G. Pavlak	Energy Conversion and Management, 222, 113106, 2020.
Bibliographic analysis of the recent advancements in modeling and co-simulating the fifth-generation district heating and cooling systems	M. Abugabbara, S. Javed, H. Bagge, D. Johansson	Energy and Buildings, 224, 110260, 2020.
5th Generation District Heating: A novel design approach based on mathematical optimization	M. Wirtz, L. Kivilip, P. Remmen, D. Müller	Applied Energy, 260, 114158, 2020.
Developing novel 5th generation district energy networks	A. Revesz, P. Jones, C. Dunham, G. Davies, C. Marques, R. Matabuena, J. Scott, G. Maidment	Energy, 201, 117389, 2020.
5th generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of existing cases in Europe Tip!	S. Buffa, M. Cozzini, M. D'Antoni, M. Baratieri, R. Fedrizzi	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 104:504-522, 2019.
5th generation district heating and cooling systems as a solution for renewable urban thermal energy supply	S. Boesten, W. Ivens, S. C. Dekker, H. Eijdems	Advances in Geosciences, 49:129-136, 2019.
Development of a topology analysis tool for fifth-generation district heating and cooling networks	J. von Rhein, G. P. Henze, N. Long, Y. Fu	Energy Conversion and Management, 196:705-716, 2019.
Lowering the pressure in district heating and cooling networks by alternating the connection of the expansion vessel	T. Sommer, S. Mennel, M. Sulzer	Energy, 172:991-996, 2019.
Modelling development and analysis on the Balanced Energy Networks (BEN) in London	W. H. Song, Y. Wang, A. Gillich, A. Ford, M. Hewitt	Applied Energy, 233-234:114-125, 2019.
A System Design for Distributed Energy Generation in Low-Temperature District Heating (LTDH) Networks	S.R. Jones, M. Gillott, R. Boukhanouf, G. Walker, M. Tunzi, D. Tetlow, L. Rodrigues, M. Sumner	Future Cities and Environment 5 (1), 2019.
Environmental Comparison of Energy Solutions for Heating and Cooling	I. Franzén, L. Nedar, M. Andersson	Sustainability, 11, 7051, 2019.
A thermodynamic analysis of a novel bidirectional district heating and cooling network	R. Zarin Pass, M. Wetter, M.A. Piette	Energy, 144:20-30, 2018.
Bidirectional low temperature district energy systems with agent-based control: Performance comparison and operation optimization	F. Bünning, M. Wetter, M. Fuchs, D. Müller	Applied Energy, 209:502-515, 2018.
Optimisation of a district energy system with a low temperature network	A. Prasanna, V. Dorera, N. Vetterli	Energy, 137:632-648, 2017.

Other scientific publications

Title	Authors	Reference	Links
A Study into Ambient Loop Systems and Challenges Associated with Accurate Metering and Billing of the End Users	J. Kvist, Z. Ye	Thirteen International Conference on Thermal Engineering: Theory and Applications May 22-24, 2022, Baku, Azerbaijan.
An extended optimization model for decentral multi-energy systems including cold district heating for the integration of renewable heating and cooling	M. Dögemüller, N. Körber, P. M. Röhirg, A. Ulbig	2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe.
Valuation of Novel Waste Heat Sources and a Path Towards Adoption	Manuel Lammle, Amy Allen, Gregor Henze, Shanti Pless	Presented at the 2022 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Pacific Grove, California August 21-26, 2022.
A Novel Method for Designing Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling Systems	Abugabbara, M., Lindhe, J.	E3S Web Conf. 246, 9001, 2021.
Comparison of 4th and 5th generation district heating systems	Gudmundsson, O., Dyrelund, A., Thorsen, J.E.	E3S Web Conf. 246, 9004, 2021.
A topology optimization framework to facilitate adoption of advanced district thermal energy systems	A. Allen, G. Henze, K. Baker, G. Pavlak, N. Long, Y. Fu	IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 588 022054, 2020.
Dynamic Simulation Of Bidirectional Low-Temperature Networks - A Case Study To Facilitate The Integration Of Renewable Energies	T. Blacha, M. Mans, P. Remmen, D. Müller	Building Simulation Conference 2019, Rome, Italy, September 2nd – 4th, 2019.
Potential and limitations of using low-temperature district heating and cooling networks for direct cooling of buildings	F. Ruesch, M. Haller	CISBAT 2017 International Conference, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 2nd - 8th, 2017.
District heating and cooling with low temperature networks – sketch of an optimization problem	F. Ruesch, R. Evins	COLEB Workshop, ETH Zürich, 6th - 7th March, 2014.
Reservoir-Niedertemperatur Netztopologie für die Vermaschung von thermischen Netzen	M. Sulzer, A. Sotnikov, T. Sommer	20. Status-Seminar «Forschen für den Bau im Kontext von Energie und Umwelt», ETH Zürich, Switzerland, September 6th - 7th, 2018.
Construction and analysis of a district heating / cooling network system based on thermal bus	T. Xu, J. Yan, H. Wang, X. L. Wang, T. Zhu, H. Y. Wang	2nd International Conference on Numerical Modelling in Engineering: IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019.
Dimensioning radial prosumer-based thermal networks	F. Speer, T. Licklederer, D. Zinsmeister, V. Peric	13. Internationale Energiewirtschaftstagung an der TU Wien, 2023.
Mijnwater Heerlen: Roadmap to 2040. District heating and cooling grid Parkstad Limburg.	N. Brummer, J. Bongers	Technical Report, Interreg HeatNet NWE project, July, 2019.
Electricity Consumption of Heat Pumps in Thermal Networks depends on Network Topology	C. Stettler, T. Schluck, M. Sulzer, S. Mennel, T. Sommer	Building Simulation Conference 2019, Rome, Italy, September 2nd – 4th, 2019.
Bidirectional low temperature networks in urban districts: A novel design methodology based on mathematical optimization	M. Wirtz, L. Kivilip, P. Remmen, D. Müller	CISBAT 2019 – International Scientific Conference, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 4th – 6th, 2019. Published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1343, 1.
Modeling of Low Temperature Thermal Networks Using Historical Building Data from District Energy Systems	R. Rogers, V. Lakhian, M. Lightstone, J. S. Cotton	Proceedings of the 13th International Modelica Conference, Regensburg, Germany, March, 4th – 6th, 2019.
Optimization of low-temperature networks by new hydraulic concepts	T. Sommer, A. Sotnikov, E. Sandmeier, C. Stettler, S. Mennel, M. Sulzer	CISBAT 2019 – International Scientific Conference, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 4th – 6th, 2019.
Quayside Energy Systems Analysis	M. Wetter, J. Hu	Technical Report, March, 21st, 2019.
A roadmap to achieve 5thgeneration heat networks in the UK	P. Jones, C. Dunham, C. Davidson	CIBSE Technical Symposium, Sheffield, UK, 2019.
A case study of 5th generation district heating and cooling based on foundation pile heat exchangers (Vejle, Denmark)	S. E. Poulsen, M. Alberdi-Pagola, K. W. Tordrup, D. Cerra, T. R. Andersen	EGU 2020 Conference, March 2020.
Minewater 2.0 project in Heerlen the Netherlands: transformation of a geothermal mine water pilot project into a full scale hybrid sustainable energy infrastructure for heating and cooling	R. Verhoeven, E. Willems, V. Harcouët-Menou, E. De Boever, L. Hiddes, P. Op’t Veld, E. Demollin	8th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference and Exhibition, IRES 2013.
Anergienetze in Betrieb	Amstein + Walthert AG	Technical Report.
Anergienetze zur Oberflächengewässernutzung	Anika Katharina Berger	Bachelor thesis. Technical University Darmstadt.
5th Generation District Heating Networks: Potentials for Reducing CO²-Emissions and Increasing the Share of Renewable Energies in Residential Districts	Karl Martin Heissler	PhD thesis, TU Munich, 2021.
Fifth generation district energy systems for low carbon cities	R.-A. Suciu	PhD thesis, 2019.
Distributed Heating Networks	Rijad Alisic	Master thesis, Lund University, 2018.

Magazine articles

Title	Authors	Reference	Links
Wärmenetze der 5. Generation als Schlüsseltechnologie für die urbane Wärmewende?	P. Remmen, T. Blacha, M. Mans, M. Wirtz, R. Streblow, D. Müller	Euro Heat and Power Magazine, No. 9/2019.
District Heating and Cooling Networks Based on Decentralized Heat Pumps: Energy Efficiency and Reversibility at Affordable Costs	M. Cozzini, M. D’Antoni, S. Buffa, R. Fedrizzi, F.Bava	HPT MAGAZINE VOL.36 NO 2/2018.
Balanced Energy Networks provide innovative clean heating without combustion	E. Thompson	www.constructionnational.co.uk
Konversion der Wärmeversorgungsstrukturen	D. Schüwer (Wuppertal Institut)	Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen 67. Jg. (2017) Heft 11.

Research projects

Project	Project name	Project period	Website
TransUrban.NRW	Transformation der netzgebundenen, urbanen Wärme- und Kälteversorgung mit intersektoralen Power-2-Heat Lösungen als Beitrag zum Strukturwandel in den Kohlerevieren NRWs.	2020 - 2025	reallabor-transurban-nrw.de
Smart Quart	Erforschung neuartiger Quartierskonzepte mit kalter Nahwärme (Quartier in Bedburg) und Wasserstoff.	2020 - 2025	smartquart.energy
EnEff:Wärme-BestHeatNet	Praxisnahe Entwicklung und Erprobung eines intelligenten Optimierungs- und Regelungsverfahrens für ein multivariantes Niedertemperatur-Nahwärmesystem mit hohem erneuerbaren Energieanteil und mehreren Wärme-/Stromerzeugern.	2018 - 2023	geothermie.de
EnEff:Wärme: KNW-Opt	Kalte Nahwärme mit oberflächennahesten Großflächenkollektor in Bad Nauheim.	2020 - 2024	geothermie.de
KollWeb 4.0 - Erschließung ungenutzter Wärmepotentiale	Energetisches Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens ist die technisch und wirtschaftlich effiziente Gewinnung geothermischer Anergie zur netzgebundenen Niedrigtemperaturversorgung (Agrothermie).	---	doppelacker.de
EnEff Stadt: WPuQ	Wind-Solar-Wärmepumpen-Quartier - Erneuerbar betriebene Wärmepumpen zur Minimierung des Primärenergiebedarfs.	2017 - 2021	enargus.de
COOLGEOHEAT	Fifth generation district heating in Sweden and Denmark.	2021 - 2023	coolgeoheat.eu
REWARDHeat	Renewable and Waste Heat Recovery for Competitive District Heating and Cooling Networks.	2019 - 2023	cordis.europa.eu
D2GRIDS	D2Grids, rolling out 5th generation district heating and cooling	2018 - 2022	nweurope.eu
LIFE4HeatRecovery	Low Temperature, Urban Waste Heat into District Heating and Cooling Networks as a Clean Source of Thermal Energy.	2018 - 2022	life4heatrecovery.eu
HeatNet NWE	Transition strategies for delivering low carbon district heat.	2016 - 2020	nweurope.eu
STORM	The STORM project – Developed and tested an innovative District Heating & Cooling (DHC) network controller to increase the use of waste heat and renewable energy sources and boost energy efficiency at district level.	2015 - 2019	storm-dhc.eu
Flexynets	Fifth generation, Low temperature, high EXergY district heating and cooling NETworkS	2015 - 2018	flexynets.eu

Patents

Patent name	Inventor	Year	Patent number	Link
CO2 based district energy sytems	Andre Roland, Lausanne, CH	2008	WO CA 2 722 251
Heating and cooling network for buildings	Thomas Wildig (Scandinavian Energy Efficiency CO SEEC AB, SE)	2009	CA 2 722 251
Method for controlling heat transfer between a local cooling system and a local heating system	Per Rosén (E.ON Sverige)	2019	US 2019/0257540 A1
Heating system	Per Rosén (E.ON Sverige)	2019	US 2019/0154271 A1
District energy distribution system	Per Rosén (E.ON Sverige)	2018	EP 3 399 247 A1
District energy distribution system and method of providing mechanical work and heating heat transfer fluid of a district thermal energy circuit	Per Rosén (E.ON Sverige)	2020	US 2020/0096205 A1
A district thermal energy distribution system	Per Rosén (E.ON Sverige)	2018	US 2018/0259196 A1
A district energy sharing system	Vaughan, William, T.; Lindquist, Erik Dean	2010	WO 2010/145040 A1
Combined heating and cooling system	Per Rosén (E.ON Sverige)	2018	EP 3 267 119 A1
Heat pump network	Martin Betz (Basic Holdings)	2018	US 2018/0320907 A1

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